如何蒙猜生词？联考英语阅读理解5大技巧so easy！
在管理类联考中，阅读理解多项选择有40分，占了英语二总分值的五分之二。咱们考生要提高阅读理解的能力，就务必加强两方面的训练：一是理解，二是速度。
单词是组成文章的重要因素，但我们在文章中很难遇到整篇都是你认识的单词，所以遇到生词在所难免。为了不打扰思路，不影响阅读速度，我们必须掌握猜测词义的阅读技巧。
生词在上下文中不是孤立的，作者一般会通过上下文给出意思相近的词语或者暗示、线索，让读者利用上下文熟悉的词语或语境理解这些词的词义。
此外，一词多义及指代问题也是阅读理解中常碰到的现象，这就要求我们根据它们在上下文中的作用，猜测它们的意思和指代的内容。
典型题干
1.The word "…" in the fourth paragraph means?
2.The word "…" in the article most probably means？
3.The word "…" in the first paragraph refers to?
4.The phrase "…" in the article stands for?
5.Which of the following is similar in meaning to "…" in the second paragraph?
6.The word "…" in the third paragraph is used in the sense of?
7.The word "…" could best be replaced by?
准确把握词义的方法有以下 五 种
定义法
文章作者对较难、较偏、较生疏的词或专业化的词，一般会采用解释或下定义的方法给读者进行解释说明。而定义的用词是读者比较熟悉的、较为常见的。定义一般由破折号、逗号或括号引出。
In a theater, or a film or television studio, the set is the scenery built to resemble a real location. It is made by carpenters and other workers, and painted and decorated to look like a real room or whatever location is required for the production. A film studio may build a set outdoors to resemble a whole street or even a small town.
Q:What does the underline word "set" mean in the article?
A.a machine
B.a mathematical term
C.an event
D.a representation of scenery
set虽不是生词，但一词多义是英语词汇的基本特征之一，作为专业术语，大多数人不知道它的含义。本段文章开始两句是对set下的定义，即“布景是指戏院、电影摄影棚或电视直播室中搭建的模仿真实场景的背景”，因此答案一目了然。
重述法
类似于定义法，对生词进行解释说明。用于解释的词也是较简单普通的词，也可能是由or、such as、like等词引出的同位语。
Airships are huge balloons with propellers to drive them, and they were once used to carry as many as 200 passengers. The sirships were filled with hydrogen, a light gas. However, hydrogen is also inflammable. There were several disasters in which airships caught fire, and they disappeared by the end of the 1930s. However, airship are now flying again, but they are not common. They are lifted by helium gas, which does not catch fire.
Q:What does the underline word "inflammable" mean?
A.a kind of gas
B.fire
C.easy to catch fire
D.difficult to catch fire
inflammable这个词在句中充当表语，后面是句子的复合句。定于从句就是“in which airships caught fire”，修饰disasters，由此可知这种性质的气体引起了着火，所以我们可以肯定地说inflammable是“易燃、容易着火”的意思。后面的句子还是对这个生词的重述、解释和说明。
排除法
如果我们认识考题中的目标词，但选项给出的 46 33104 46 15265 0 0 3172 0 0:00:10 0:00:04 0:00:06 3172 46 33104 46 15265 0 0 2458 0 0:00:13 0:00:06 0:00:07 2675 46 33104 46 15265 0 0 2116 0 0:00:15 0:00:07 0:00:08 2972 46 33104 46 15265 0 0 2030 0 0:00:16 0:00:07 0:00:09 3438单词或释义中存在不熟悉的单词，这时可以用排除法。可在生词中找到熟悉的部分，分析词缀、词根，从而得出单词的大概词义。
United States citizens are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the decreasing occurring rate of tooth decay.
Q:Which of the following is similar in meaning to "occurring rate" in article?
A.treatment
B.consequence
C.incidence
D.misfortune
occur意为“发生”，为常用词，occurring rate则为“发生率”。treat有“治疗、对待”的意思，-ment一般构成名词后缀，不难得出treatment就是“治疗”的意思。consequence是“后果”的意思。misfortune从词根、词干方面进行考察，可以猜出词义是“不幸”。去伪存真，答案就出来了。
例证法
作者常用一些例子来说明问题，因为恰当的例子可以更清楚地表达作者的意图，这也给读者在猜测生词方面提供了证据。读者根据自己的常识，把这些例子进行综合分类，就能很容易地猜出作者在举例时所用的生词的意思。英语中常用来引出例子的词语有for example、such as、like等。
You can select any of these periodicals, like Times, Newsweek and Reader's Digest for your supplementary readings.
Q:The the underline word "periodical" in the article most probably means？
A.a period of time
B.magazine
C.institute
D.movie
斜体的三个单词或单语，我们都知道是美国著名的三本杂志，这些杂志正是periodical的三个例子，所以读者便能猜出该词的意思是“杂志、期刊”。
推断法
运用逻辑过渡词，辨认单词在上下文中的逻辑关系；在连贯的语篇中句与句的关系，利用例如空间对比、顺序、因果、类比等关系猜测词义。
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business and life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors, as best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.
Q:Which of the following can be used in place of "quite the reverse" ?
A.quite right
B.true enough
C.most unlikely
D.just the opposite
对"quite the reverse"前后的信息进行逻辑分析，就会发现前后两个句子意思相反，是对比关系，因此选出正确答案。
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